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2014年1月19日星期日

RedHat meilleur examen RH-202, questions et réponses

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Code d'Examen: RH-202
Nom d'Examen: RedHat (Redhat Certified Technician on Redhat Enterprise Linux 5 (Labs))
Questions et réponses: 171 Q&As

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NO.1 vi /etc/fstab
Write:
/dev/hda? /data ext3 defaults 1 2

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NO.2 Make Successfully Resolve to server1.example.com where DNS Server is 192.168.0.254.
Answer: 1. vi /etc/resolv.conf

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NO.3 mkswap /dev/hda? To create Swap File system on partition.

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NO.4 Press w to write on partitions table.

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NO.5 quotacheck -ufm /data

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NO.6 free -m Verify Either Swap is enabled or not.

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NO.7 Verify by mounting on current Sessions also:
mount /dev/hda? /data
5. You are new System Administrator and from now you are going to handle the system and your main
task is Network monitoring, Backup and Restore. But you don't know the root password. Change the root
password to redhat and login in default Runlevel.
Answer and Explanation:
When you Boot the System, it starts on default Runlevel specified in /etc/inittab: Id:?:initdefault:
When System Successfully boot, it will ask for username and password. But you don't know the root's
password. To change the root password you need to boot the system into single user mode. You can pass
the kernel arguments from the boot loader.
1. Restart the System.
2. You will get the boot loader GRUB screen.
3. Press a and type 1 or s for single mode ro root=LABEL=/ rhgb queit s
4. System will boot on Single User mode.
5. Use passwd command to change.
6. Press ctrl+d
6. There are more then 400 Computers in your Office. You are appointed as a System Administrator. But
you don't have Router. So, you are going to use your One Linux Server as a Router. How will you enable
IP packets forward?
Answer and Explanation:
1. /proc is the virtual filesystem, we use /proc to modify the kernel parameters at running time.
# echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
2. /etc/sysctl.conf when System Reboot on next time, /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit scripts reads the file
/etc/sysctl.conf. To enable the IP forwarding on next reboot also you need to set the parameter.
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
Here 0 means disable, 1 means enable.
7. You Completely Install the Redhat Enterprise Linux ES 4 on your System. While start the system, it's
giving error to load X window System. How will you fix that problem and make boot successfully run X
Window System.
Answer and Explanation:
Think while Problems occurred on booting System on Runlevel 5 (X Window).
1. /tmp is full or not
2. Quota is already reached
3. Video card or resolution or monitor is misconfigured.
4. xfs service is running or not.
Do These:
1. df -h /tmp /tmp is full remove the unnecessary file
2. quota username if quota is already reached remove unnecessary file from home directory.
3. Boot the System in runlevel 3. you can pass the Kernel Argument from boot loader.
4. Use command: system-config-display It will display a dialog to configure the monitor, Video card,
resolution etc.
5. Set the Default Runlevel 5 in /etc/inittab id:5:initdefault:
6. Reboot the System you will get the GUI login Screen.
8. There are two different networks, 192.168.0.0/24 and 192.168.1.0/24. Your System is in 192.168.0.0/24
Network. One RHEL 4 Installed System is going to use as a Router. All required configuration is already
done on Linux Server. Where 192.168.0.254 and 192.168.1.254 IP Address are assigned on that Server.
How will make successfully ping to 192.168.1.0/24 Network's Host?
Answer:
1. vi /etc/sysconfig/network
GATEWAY=192.168.0.254
OR
vi /etc/sysconf/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.0.?
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.254
2. service network restart
Explanation: Gateway defines the way to exit the packets. According to question System working as a
router for two networks have IP Address 192.168.0.254 and 192.168.1.254. To get the hosts on
192.168.1.0/24 should go through 192.168.0.254.
9. Make a swap partition having 100MB. Make Automatically Usable at System Boot Time.
Answer and Explanation:
1. Use fdisk /dev/hda To create new partition.
2. Type n For New partition
3. It will ask for Logical or Primary Partitions. Press l for logical.
4. It will ask for the Starting Cylinder: Use the Default by pressing Enter Key.
5. Type the Size: +100M You can Specify either Last cylinder of Size here.
6. Press P to verify the partitions lists and remember the partitions name.
Default System ID is 83 that means Linux Native.
7. Type t to change the System ID of partition.
8. Type Partition Number
9. Type 82 that means Linux Swap.
10. Press w to write on partitions table.
11. Either Reboot or use partprobe command.

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NO.8 quotaon -u /data

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NO.9 edquota -u user1 /data and Specified the Soft limit and hard limit on opened file.
To verify either quota is working or not:
Soft limit specify the limit to generate warnings to users and hard limit can't cross by the user. Use the
quota command or repquota command to monitor the quota information.
3. One Logical Volume named lv1 is created under vg0. The Initial Size of that Logical Volume is 100MB.
Now you required the size 500MB. Make successfully the size of that Logical Volume 500M without losing
any data. As well as size should be increased online.
Answer and Explanation:
The LVM system organizes hard disks into Logical Volume (LV) groups. Essentially, physical hard disk
partitions (or possibly RAID arrays) are set up in a bunch of equalsized chunks known as Physical Extents
(PE). As there are several other concepts associated with the LVM system, let's start with some basic
definitions:
Physical Volume (PV) is the standard partition that you add to the LVM mix. Normally, a physical volume
is a standard primary or logical partition. It can also be a RAID array.
Physical Extent (PE) is a chunk of disk space. Every PV is divided into a number of equal sized PEs.
Every PE in a LV group is the same size. Different LV groups can have different sized PEs.
Logical Extent (LE) is also a chunk of disk space. Every LE is mapped to a specific PE.
Logical Volume (LV) is composed of a group of LEs. You can mount a filesystem such as /home and /var
on an LV.
Volume Group (VG) is composed of a group of LVs. It is the organizational group for LVM. Most of the
commands that you'll use apply to a specific VG.
1. Verify the size of Logical Volume: lvdisplay /dev/vg0/lv1
2. Verify the Size on mounted directory: df -h or df -h mounted directory name
3. Use : lvextend -L+400M /dev/vg0/lv1
4. ext2online -d /dev/vg0/lv1 to bring extended size online.
5. Again Verify using lvdisplay and df -h command.
4. Create one partitions having size 100MB and mount it on /data.
Answer and Explanation:
1. Use fdisk /dev/hda To create new partition.
2. Type n For New partitions
3. It will ask for Logical or Primary Partitions. Press l for logical.
4. It will ask for the Starting Cylinder: Use the Default by pressing Enter Key.
5. Type the Size: +100M You can Specify either Last cylinder of Size here.
6. Press P to verify the partitions lists and remember the partitions name.

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NO.10 Quota is implemented on /data but not working properly. Find out the Problem and implement the quota
to user1 to have a soft limit 60 inodes (files) and hard limit of 70 inodes (files).
Answer and Explanation:
Quotas are used to limit a user's or a group of users' ability to consume disk space. This prevents a small
group of users from monopolizing disk capacity and potentially interfering with other users or the entire
system. Disk quotas are commonly used by ISPs, by Web hosting companies, on FTP sites, and on
corporate file servers to ensure continued availability of their systems.
Without quotas, one or more users can upload files on an FTP server to the point of filling a filesystem.
Once the affected partition is full, other users are effectively denied upload access to the disk. This is also
a reason to mount different filesystem directories on different partitions. For example, if you only had
partitions for your root (/) directory and swap space, someone uploading to your computer could fill up all
of the space in your root directory (/). Without at least a little free space in the root directory (/), your
system could become unstable or even crash.
You have two ways to set quotas for users. You can limit users by inodes or by kilobytesized disk blocks.
Every Linux file requires an inode. Therefore, you can limit users by the number of files or by absolute
space. You can set up different quotas for different filesystems. For example, you can set different quotas
for users on the /home and /tmp directories if they are mounted on their own partitions.
Limits on disk blocks restrict the amount of disk space available to a user on your system.
Older versions of Red Hat Linux included LinuxConf, which included a graphical tool to configure quotas.
As of this writing, Red Hat no longer has a graphical quota configuration tool. Today, you can configure
quotas on RHEL only through the command line interface.
1. vi /etc/fstab /dev/hda11 /data ext3 defaults,usrquota 1 2
2. Either Reboot the System or remount the partition.
Mount -o remount /dev/hda11 /data

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NO.11 Reboot the System and verify that swap is automatically enabled or not.
10. You are a System administrator. Using Log files very easy to monitor the system. Now there are 50
servers running as Mail, Web, Proxy, DNS services etc. You want to centralize the logs from all servers
into on LOG Server. How will you configure the LOG Server to accept logs from remote host ?
Answer and Explanation:
By Default system accept the logs only generated from local host. To accept the Log
from other host configure:
1. vi /etc/sysconfig/syslog SYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-m 0 -r"
Where
-m 0 disables 'MARK' messages.
-r enables logging from remote machines
-x disables DNS lookups on messages recieved with -r
2. service syslog restart

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NO.12 touch /data/aquota.user

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NO.13 swapon /dev/hda? To enable the Swap space from partition.

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NO.14 vi /etc/fstab /dev/hda? swap swap defaults 0 0

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NO.15 Either Reboot or use partprobe command.

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NO.16 Use mkfs -t ext3 /dev/hda?
Or
mke2fs -j /dev/hda? To create ext3 filesystem.

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2013年12月30日星期一

RedHat RH133, de formation et d'essai

Le test de Certification RedHat RH133 devient de plus en plus chaud dans l'Industrie IT. En fait, ce test demande beaucoup de travaux pour passer. Généralement, les gens doivent travailler très dur pour réussir.

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Pass4Test est un site de vous ramener au succès. Pass4Test peut vous aider à promouvoir les connaissances essentielles pour le test RedHat RH133 et passer le test à la première fois.

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Code d'Examen: RH133
Nom d'Examen: RedHat (Red Hat Linux System Administration)
Questions et réponses: 336 Q&As

RH133 Démo gratuit à télécharger: http://www.pass4test.fr/RH133.html

NO.1 Which of the following fsck commands will you use to check all filesystems listed in /etc/fstab?
A. fsck -P
B. fsck -f
C. fsck -A
D. fsck -y
Answer: C

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NO.2 After enabling shadowed passwords in a Linux server, where does Linux keep the passwords?
A. /usr/shadow
B. /etc/passwd
C. /usr/passwd
D. /etc/shadow
Answer: D

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NO.3 You want to verify the PGP signature of all headers and signatures associated with an RPM package.
Which of the following commands will you use to accomplish the task?
Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
A. rpm -e
B. rpm -K
C. rpm --checksig
D. rpm -V
Answer: B,C,D

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NO.4 Which of the following commands displays a module name or filename and associated
information, such as the authors name, license, description, module version, dependencies, parameters,
etc?
A. modprobe
B. lsmod
C. modprob
D. modinfo
Answer: D

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NO.5 CORRECT TEXT
Drag and drop the appropriate command in front of its respective function.
Answer: A

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NO.6 You work as a Network Administrator for Tech Perfect Inc. The company has a Linux-based network.
You are configuring a server that will be used as a file server. You want to install an RPM package, named
FILELOCATOR, on the server. You want to check whether the package is already installed. Which of the
following commands will you use?
A. grep FILELOCATOR
B. find -q rpm |grep FILELOCATOR
C. rpm -qa | grep FILELOCATOR
D. find FILELOCATOR
Answer: C

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NO.7 Which of the following commands can be used to check the errors of the ext2 and ext3
filesystems?
Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.
A. fsck --ext2
B. fsck.ext3
C. fsck --ext3
D. e2fsck
Answer: B,D

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NO.8 When installing RHEL in the graphical interface, which of the following switches can be used to specify
a resolution?
A. lowers
B. vnc
C. resolution
D. skipddc
Answer: C

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NO.9 Fill in the blank with the appropriate command.
The ________ command recursively removes files, which have not been accessed for a period oftime.
A. tmpwatch
Answer: A

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NO.10 After creating the swap area, which of the following commands will you need to run to start using it?
A. mkswap
B. mkfs
C. swapon
D. swapoff
Answer: C

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NO.11 You work as a System Administrator for McNeil Inc. The company has a Linux based network.
You are a root user on Red Hat operating system. You have upgraded the amount of RAM in your system
from 256 MB to 512 MB, but there is only 512 MB of swap space. Therefore, you want to add more swap
space to /dev/hdb2 hard drive to run the applications that require a large amount of memory. Which of the
following commands should you run to accomplish this task? Each correct answer represents a complete
solution. Choose all that apply.
A. mkswap /dev/hdb2
B. swapon /dev/hdb2
C. mount
D. parted
Answer: A,B,D

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NO.12 You work as a Software Engineer for McNiel Inc. The company has a Linux-based network. The
company has 150 Engineers. The root user has configured quota limits for each user. You want to view
quota limits for your system. Which of the following commands will you use to accomplish this task?
A. repquota -a
B. quota -v
C. quotacheck
D. edquota
Answer: B

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NO.13 Which of the following commands can be used to modify kernel parameters at runtime?
A. sync
B. sysctl
C. mkinitrd
D. lsdev
Answer: B

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NO.14 John works as a Network Administrator for Perfect Solutions Inc. The company has a Linux-based
network. He is working as a root user on the Linux operating system. He wants to add a soft limit quota
warning for the users, in which, after exceeding the quota value, a user will receive e-mail warnings about
being over quotA. Which of the following commands will John use to accomplish his task?
Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
A. repquota
B. quotaon
C. warnquota
D. edquota
E. quotaoff
Answer: C,D

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NO.15 Which of following options will you use to force mtr to display numeric IP numbers and not try to
resolve the host names?
A. -t
B. -n
C. -l
D. -p
Answer: B

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NO.16 You work as a Network Administrator for Net World International. The company has a Linux-based
network. You want to upgrade an RPM package and get the status during the upgrade. Which of the
following commands will you use to accomplish the task?
A. rpm -ivh
B. rpm -evh
C. rpm -qvh
D. rpm -Uvh
Answer: D

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NO.17 You want only the root access in a Linux computer for maintenance purposes. Which of the following
runlevels will you use to boot the computer?
A. 2
B. 0
C. 1
D. 3
Answer: C

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NO.18 Which of the following commands will you run to list all files that have been modified within the last 60
minutes?
A. find /etc -name *.txt
B. find start -dir -min -60
C. find start -dir -cmin -60
D. find start -cmin -60
Answer: C

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NO.19 You work as a Network Administrator for Secure Web Inc. The company has a Linux-based network.
The network has a mixed set of client operating systems. You want to format a new hard disk drive. The
drive will have only one partition. Both the Linux and Windows operating systems will access the partition.
Which of the following file systems will you use?
A. VFAT
B. XFS
C. REISER
D. EXT3
Answer: A

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NO.20 You want to make Rick an owner of the files TRADE1.TXT and TRDREPORT.TXT. Which of the
following commands will you use to accomplish this?
A. chown rick TRADE1.TXT TRDREPORT.TXT
B. chgrp rick TRADE1.TXT + TRDREPORT.TXT
C. chown rick TRADE1.TXT + TRDREPORT.TXT
D. chgrp rick TRADE1.TXT TRDREPORT.TXT
Answer: A

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NO.21 You work as a Linux Technician for Tech Perfect Inc. The company has a Linux-based network.
You have configured a database server in the network. Users complain that the server has
become remarkably slow. However, the previous day, the server was performing well. You know that
some of the processes may be the cause of the issue. You run the PS command on the server. In the
result set, which information will you look at that suggests the problematic process?
A. A high load average
B. A high process ID
C. A low load average
D. A low CPU time
E. A high CPU time
Answer: E

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NO.22 You work as a Network Administrator for Rick Inc. The company has a Linux-based network. You are
configuring a Linux server. Which of the following bootloaders does not require to be rewritten after the
configuration of the kernel has been changed?
A. GRUB
B. BOOTP
C. LILO
D. ELILO
Answer: A

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NO.23 You want to temporarily change your primary group to another group of which you are a member. In
this process, a new shell will be created, and when you exit the shell, your previous group will be
reinstated. Which of the following commands will you use to accomplish this task?
A. chgrp
B. newgrp
C. chmod
D. chown
Answer: B

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NO.24 You work as a Network Administrator for McNeil Inc. The company has a Linux-based network.
You are a root user on the Linux system. You have to create a user named Trinity and deny interactive
login. Which of the following should you use to accomplish the task?
Each correct answer represents a part of the solution. Choose all that apply.
A. vi /etc/passwd
B. vi /etc/shadow
C. useradd Trinity
D. passwd Trinity
E. Trinity:x:505:505::/home/Trinity:/sbin/nonlogin
Answer: A,B,C,D,E

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NO.25 John works as a Network Administrator for Perfect Solutions Inc. The company has a Linux-based
network. John is working as a root user on the Linux operating system. He wants to run the cc process at
runlevel three. If the order of execution of cc command is 43, which of the following commands will John
use to accomplish his task?
A. ln -s /etc/init.d/cc /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/K43cc
B. ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/cc /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/K43cc
C. ln -s /etc/rc.d/cc /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/s43cc
D. ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/cc /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S43cc
Answer: D

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NO.26 What is the minimum RAM requirement for installing Red Hat in GUI mode?
A. 1GB
B. 512 MB
C. 128MB
D. 64MB
Answer: C

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NO.27 By default, which of the following commands configures the current run level?
A. chkconfig
B. pstree
C. service
D. ntsysv
Answer: D

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NO.28 Which of the following statements are true about kernel modules?
Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
A. Kernel modules do not support executable loaders.
B. The kernel module contains extra kernel codes that may be loaded after the loading of the basekernel.
Only a minimal resident kernel is loaded into memory at boot time.
C. Kernel modules do not support the device drivers, network drivers, and file system drivers.
D. Whenever a user requests a feature that is not present in the resident kernel, a kernel moduleis
dynamically loaded into memory.
Answer: B,D

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NO.29 Which of the following commands can be used to compress a file?
Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
A. gzip
B. compress
C. tar
D. zip
Answer: A,B,D

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NO.30 Which of the following commands is used to create a user account for a new user?
A. USERMOD
B. MOUNT
C. USERADD
D. CRUSER
Answer: C

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2013年11月29日星期五

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Code d'Examen: RH302
Nom d'Examen: RedHat (Red Hat Certified Engineer on Redhat Enterprise Linux 5 (Labs))
Questions et réponses: 330 Q&As

RH302 Démo gratuit à télécharger: http://www.pass4test.fr/RH302.html

NO.1 mkdir /mnt/neo

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NO.2 Or

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NO.3 CORRECT TEXT
Make Successfully Resolve to server1.example.com where DNS Server is 192.168.0.254.
Answer and Explanation: 1. vi /etc/resolv.conf
Write : nameserver 192.168.0.254

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NO.4 /dev/hda? /mnt/neo ext3 defaults 1 2

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NO.5 vi /etc/fstab

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NO.6 Use mkfs -t ext3 /dev/hda? Where ? is your partition number

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NO.7 CORRECT TEXT
Create the partition having 100MB size and mount it on /mnt/neo
Answer and Explanation:
1. Use fdisk /dev/hda ¨¤ To create new partition.
2. Type n ¨¤ For New partitions
3. It will ask for Logical or Primary Partitions. Press l for logical.

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NO.8 CORRECT TEXT
There is one partition /dev/hda14 mounted on /data. The owner of /data is root user and root group. And
Permission is full to owner user, read and execute to group member and no permission to others. Now
you should give the full permission to user user1 without changing pervious permission.
Answer and Explanation:
We know that every files/directories are owned by certain user and group. And Permissions are defines to
owner user, owner group and other.
-rwxr-x--- ¨¤Full permission to owner user, read and write to owner group and no permission to
others.
According to question: We should give the full permission to user user1 without changing the previous
permission.
ACL (Access Control List), in ext3 file system we can give permission to certain user and certain group
without changing previous permission. But that partition should mount using acl option.
Follow the stepsvi /etc/fstab
/dev/hda14 /data ext3 defaults,acl 0 1Either Reboot or use: mount -o remount /datasetfacl -m
u:user1:rwx /dataVerify using: getfacl /data

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NO.9 CORRECT TEXT
You are giving RHCT Exam and in your Exam paper there is a question written, make successfully ping to
192.168.0.254.
Answer and Explanation:
In Network problem thinks to check:
1. IP Configuration: use ifconfig command either IP is assigned to interface or not?
2. Default Gateway is set or not?
3. Hostname is set or not?
4. Routing problem is there?
5. Device Driver Module is loaded or not?
6. Device is activated or not?
Check In this way:
1. use ifconfig command and identify which IP is assigned or not.
2. cat /etc/sysconfig/network ¨¤ What, What is written here. Actually here are these parameters
NETWORKING=yes or no
GATEWAY=x.x.x.x
HOSTNAME=?
NISDOMAIN=?
-Correct the file
3. Use vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scirpts/ifcfg-eth0 and check the proper options
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=x.x.x.x
NETMAKS=x.x.x.x
GATEWAY=x.x.x.x
4. Use service network restart or start command

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NO.10 CORRECT TEXT
Dig Server1.example.com, Resolve to successfully through DNS Where DNS server is
172.24.254.254
Answer and Explanation:
#vi /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 172.24.254.254
# dig server1.example.com
#host server1.example.com
DNS is the Domain Name System, which maintains a database that can help your computer
translate domain names such as www.redhat.com to IP addresses such as 216.148.218.197. As
no individual DNS server is large enough to keep a database for the entire Internet, they can refer
requests to other DNS servers.
DNS is based on the named daemon, which is built on the BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain)
package developed through the Internet Software Consortium
Users wants to access by name so DNS will interpret the name into ip address. You need to specify the
Address if DNS server in each and every client machine. In Redhat Enterprise Linux, you need to specify
the DNS server into /etc/resolv.conf file.
After Specifying the DNS server address, you can verify using host, dig and nslookup commands.

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NO.11 Either Reboot or use partprobe command.

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NO.12 Type the Size: +100M ¨¤ You can Specify either Last cylinder of Size here.

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NO.13 Press w to write on partitions table.

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NO.14 CORRECT TEXT
There is a server having 172.24.254.254 and 172.25.254.254. Your System lies on 172.24.0.0/16.
Make successfully ping to 172.25.254.254 by Assigning following IP: 172.24.0.x Where x is your station
number.
Answer and Explanation:
1. vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=x.x.x.x
NETMASK=x.x.x.x
2. Enter the IP Address as given station number by your examiner: example: 172.24.0.1
3. Enter Subnet Mask
4. Enter Default Gateway and primary name server
5. press on ok
6. ifdown eth0
7. ifup eth0
8. verify using ifconfig
In the lab server is playing the role of router, IP forwarding is enabled. Just set the Correct IP and gateway,
you can ping to 172.25.254.254.

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NO.15 CORRECT TEXT
The System you are using is for NFS (Network File Services). Some important data are shared from your
system. Make automatically start the nfs and portmap services at boot time.
Answer and Explanation:
We can control the services for current session and for next boot time also. For current Session,we use
service servicename start or restart or stop or status. For automatically on next reboot time:
1. chkconfig servicename on or off
eg: chkconfig nfs on
chkconfig portmap on
or
ntsysv
Select the nfs and portmap services.
2. Reboot the system and identify whether services are running or not.

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NO.16 CORRECT TEXT
Your system is giving error while booting on Runlevel 5 . Make successfully boot your system in
runlevel 5.
Answer and Explanation:
While you load the X Window System, you will get the problem. To troubleshoot follow the
following steps:
1. Check the /tmp is full ?
2. Check your quota, hard limit is already crossed ?
3. Check xfs service is running ?
4. Boot the system on runlevel 3 and execute the system-config-display command
5. Edit the /etc/inittab to set default runlevel 5.
id:5:initdefault:

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NO.17 CORRECT TEXT
Your System is configured in 192.168.0.0/24 Network and your nameserver is 192.168.0.254.
Make successfully resolve to server1.example.com.
Answer and Explanation:
Very Easy question, nameserver is specified in question,
1. vi /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 192.168.0.254
2. host server1.example.com

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NO.18 It will ask for the Starting Cylinder: Use the Default by pressing Enter Key.

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NO.19 CORRECT TEXT
One Logical Volume is created named as myvol under vo volume group and is mounted. The Initial Size
of that Logical Volume is 400MB. Make successfully that the size of Logical Volume 200MB without losing
any data. The size of logical volume 200MB to 210MB will be acceptable.
Answer and Explanation:
1. First check the size of Logical Volume: lvdisplay /dev/vo/myvol
2. Make sure that the filesystem is in a consistent state before reducing:
# fsck -f /dev/vo/myvol
3. Now reduce the filesystem by 200MB.
# resize2fs /dev/vo/myvol 200M
4. It is now possible to reduce the logical volume.
#lvreduce /dev/vo/myvol -L 200M
4. Verify the Size of Logical Volume: lvdisplay /dev/vo/myvol
5. Verify that the size comes in online or not: df -h

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NO.20 CORRECT TEXT
Successfully resolv to server1.example.com where your DNS server is 172.24.254.254
Answer and Explanation:
1. vi /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 172.24.254.254
2. host server1.example.com

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NO.21 Verify by mounting on current Sessions also:

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NO.22 CORRECT TEXT
Add a new logical partition having size 100MB and create the /data which will be the mount point for the
new partition.
Answer and Explanation:Use fdisk /dev/hda ¨¤ To create new parition.Type n ¨¤ For New
partitionsIt will ask for Logical or Primary Partitions. Press l for logical.It will ask for the Starting Cylinder:
Use the Default by pressing Enter Key.Type the Size: +100M ¨¤ You can Specify either Last cylinder of
Size here.Press P to verify the partitions lists and remember the partitions name.Press w to write on
partitions table.Either Reboot or use partprobe command.Use mkfs -t
ext3 /dev/hda?Ormke2fs -j /dev/hda? ¨¤ To create ext3 filesystem.vi /etc/fstabWrite:/dev/hda? /data
ext3 defaults 0 0Verify by mounting on current Sessions also:mount /dev/hda? /data

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NO.23 CORRECT TEXT
There are two different networks 192.168.0.0/24 and 192.168.1.0/24. Where 192.168.0.254 and
192.168.1.254 IP Address are assigned on Server. Verify your network settings by pinging
192.168.1.0/24 Network's Host.
Answer and Explanation:
1. vi /etc/sysconfing/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=station?.example.com
GATEWAY=192.168.0.254
2. service network restart
Or
1. vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=X.X.X.X
NETMASK=X.X.X.X
GATEWAY=192.168.0.254
2. ifdown eth0
3. ifup eth0

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NO.24 CORRECT TEXT
One Package named zsh is dump on ftp://server1.example.com under /pub/updates directory and your
FTP server is 192.168.0.254. Install the package zsh.
Answer and Explanation:
1. rpm -ivh ftp://server1/example.com/pub/updates/zsh-*
or
1. Login to ftp server : ftp ftp://server1.example.com using anonymous user.
2. Change the directory: cd pub and cd updates
3. Download the package: mget zsh-*
4. Quit from the ftp prompt : bye
5. Install the package
6. rpm -ivh zsh-*
7. Verify either package is installed or not : rpm -q zsh

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NO.25 mount /dev/hda? /mnt/neo
4 CORRECT TEXT
Your System is going use as a router for 172.24.0.0/16 and 172.25.0.0/16. Enable the IP
Forwarding.
Answer and Explanation:
1. echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
2. vi /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
/proc is the virtual filesystem, containing the information about the running kernel. To change the
parameter of running kernel you should modify on /proc. From Next reboot the system, kernel will
take the value from /etc/sysctl.conf.
5.CORRECT TEXT
Some users home directory is shared from your system. Using showmount -e localhost command, the
shared directory is not shown. Make access the shared users home directory.
Answer and Explanation:
1. Verify the File whether Shared or not ? : cat /etc/exports
2. Start the nfs service: service nfs start
3. Start the portmap service: service portmap start
4. Make automatically start the nfs service on next reboot: chkconfig nfs on
5. Make automatically start the portmap service on next reboot: chkconfig portmap on
6. Verify either sharing or not: showmount -e localhost
7. Check that default firewall is running on system ? if running flush the iptables using iptables -F and stop
the iptables service.
6.CORRECT TEXT
neo user tried by:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/neo/somefile bs=1024 count=70
files created successfully. Again neo tried to create file having 70K using following command:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/neo/somefile bs=1024 count=70
But he is unable to create the file. Make the user can create the file less then 70K.
Answer and Explanation:
Very Tricky question from redhat. Actually question is giving scenario to you to implement quota toneo
user. You should apply the quota to neo user on /home that neo user shouldn't occupied space more than
70K.
1. vi /etc/fstab
LABEL=/home /home ext3 defaults,usrquota 0 0 ¨¤ To enable th
quota on filesystem you should mount
the filesystem with usrquota for user quota and grpquota for group quota.
2. touch /home/aquota.user ¨¤Creating blank quota database file.
3. mount -o remount /home ¨¤ Remounting the /home with updated mount options. ou can verify that
/home is mounted with usrquota options or not using mount command.
4. quotacheck -u /home ¨¤ Initialization the quota on /home
5. edquota -u neo /home ¨¤ Quota Policy editor
See the snapshot
Disk quotas for user neo (uid 500):
Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard
/dev/mapper/vo-myvol 2 30 70 1 0 0
Can you set the hard limit 70 and soft limit as you think like 30.
Verify using the repquota /home command.
7.CORRECT TEXT
One Logical Volume is created named as myvol under vo volume group and is mounted. The Initial Size
of that Logical Volume is 124MB. Make successfully that the size of Logical Volume 245MB without losing
any data. The size of logical volume 240MB to 255MB will be acceptable.
Answer and Explanation:
1. First check the size of Logical Volume: lvdisplay /dev/vo/myvol
2. Increase the Size of Logical Volume: lvextend -L+121M /dev/vo/myvol
3. Make Available the size on online: resize2fs /dev/vo/myvol
4. Verify the Size of Logical Volume: lvdisplay /dev/vo/myvol
5. Verify that the size comes in online or not: df -h
We can extend the size of logical Volume using the lvextend command. As well as to decrease the
size of Logical Volume, use the lvresize command. In LVM v2 we can extend the size of Logical
Volume without unmount as well as we can bring the actual size of Logical Volume on online using
ext2online command.
8.CORRECT TEXT
Quota is implemented on /data but not working properly. Find out the
Problem and implement the quota to user1 to have a soft limit 60 inodes
(files) and hard limit of 70 inodes (files).
Answer and Explanation:
Quotas are used to limit a user's or a group of users' ability to consume disk space. This prevents a small
group of users from monopolizing disk capacity and potentially interfering with other users or the entire
system. Disk quotas are commonly used by ISPs, by Web hosting companies, on FTP sites, and on
corporate file servers to ensure continued availability of their systems.
Without quotas, one or more users can upload files on an FTP server to the point of filling a filesystem.
Once the affected partition is full, other users are effectively denied upload access to the disk. This is also
a reason to mount different filesystem directories on different partitions. For example, if you only had
partitions for your root (/) directory and swap space, someone uploading to your computer could fill up all
of the space in your root directory (/). Without at least a little free space in the root directory (/), your
system could become unstable or even crash.
You have two ways to set quotas for users. You can limit users by inodes or by kilobyte-sized disk blocks.
Every Linux file requires an inode. Therefore, you can limit users by the number of files or by absolute
space. You can set up different quotas for different filesystems. For example, you can set different quotas
for users on the /home and /tmp directories if they are mounted on their own partitions.
Limits on disk blocks restrict the amount of disk space available to a user on your system. Older versions
of Red Hat Linux included LinuxConf, which included a graphical tool to configure quotas.
As of this writing, Red Hat no longer has a graphical quota configuration tool. Today, you can configure
quotas on RHEL only through the command line interface.
1. vi /etc/fstab
/dev/hda11 /data ext3 defaults,usrquota 1 2
2. Either Reboot the System or remount the partition.
Mount -o remount /dev/hda11 /data
3. touch /data/aquota.user
4. quotacheck -ufm /data
5. quotaon -u /data
6. edquota -u user1 /data
and Specified the Soft limit and hard limit on opened file.
To verify either quota is working or not:
Soft limit specify the limit to generate warnings to users and hard limit can't cross by the user. Use the
quota command or repquota command to monitor the quota information.
9.CORRECT TEXT
One Logical Volume named lv1 is created under vg0. The Initial Size of that Logical Volume is 100MB.
Now you required the size 500MB. Make successfully the size of that Logical Volume 500M without losing
any data. As well as size should be increased online.
Answer and Explanation:
The LVM system organizes hard disks into Logical Volume (LV) groups. Essentially, physical hard disk
partitions (or possibly RAID arrays) are set up in a bunch of equal-sized chunks known as Physical
Extents (PE). As there are several other concepts associated with the LVM system, let's start with some
basic definitions:
* Physical Volume (PV) is the standard partition that you add to the LVM mix. Normally, a physical volume
is a standard primary or logical partition. It can also be a RAID array.
* Physical Extent (PE) is a chunk of disk space. Every PV is divided into a number of equal sized
PEs. Every PE in a LV group is the same size. Different LV groups can have different sized PEs.
* Logical Extent (LE) is also a chunk of disk space. Every LE is mapped to a specific PE.
* Logical Volume (LV) is composed of a group of LEs. You can mount a filesystem such as /home
and /var on an LV.
* Volume Group (VG) is composed of a group of LVs. It is the organizational group for LVM. Most
of the commands that you'll use apply to a specific VG.
1. Verify the size of Logical Volume: lvdisplay /dev/vg0/lv1
2. Verify the Size on mounted directory: df -h or df -h mounted directory name
3. Use : lvextend -L+400M /dev/vg0/lv1
4. resize2fs /dev/vg0/lv1 ¨¤ to bring extended size online.
5. Again Verify using lvdisplay and df -h command.
10.CORRECT TEXT
Create one partitions having size 100MB and mount it on /data.
Answer and Explanation:
1. Use fdisk /dev/hda ¨¤ To create new partition.
2. Type n ¨¤ For New partitions
3. It will ask for Logical or Primary Partitions. Press l for logical.
4. It will ask for the Starting Cylinder: Use the Default by pressing Enter Key.
5. Type the Size: +100M ¨¤ You can Specify either Last cylinder of Size here.
6. Press P to verify the partitions lists and remember the partitions name.
7. Press w to write on partitions table.
8. Either Reboot or use partprobe command.
9. Use mkfs -t ext3 /dev/hda?
Or
mke2fs -j /dev/hda? ¨¤ To create ext3 filesystem
10. vi /etc/fstab
Write:
/dev/hda? /data ext3 defaults 1 2
11. Verify by mounting on current Sessions also:
mount /dev/hda? /data
11 CORRECT TEXT
You are new System Administrator and from now you are going to handle the system and your
main task is Network monitoring, Backup and Restore. But you don't know the root password.
Change the root password to redhat and login in default Runlevel.
Answer and Explanation:
When you Boot the System, it starts on default Runlevel specified in /etc/inittab:
Id:?:initdefault:
When System Successfully boot, it will ask for username and password. But you don't know the
root's password. To change the root password you need to boot the system into single user mode.
You can pass the kernel arguments from the boot loader.
1. Restart the System.
2. You will get the boot loader GRUB screen.
3. Press a and type 1 or s for single mode
ro root=LABEL=/ rhgb queit s
4. System will boot on Single User mode.
5. Use passwd command to change.
6. Press ctrl+d
12 CORRECT TEXT
There are more then 400 Computers in your Office. You are appointed as a System Administrator.
But you don't have Router. So, you are going to use your One Linux Server as a Router. How will you
enable IP packets forward?
Answer and Explanation:
1. /proc is the virtual filesystem, we use /proc to modify the kernel parameters at running time.
# echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
2. /etc/sysctl.conf ¨¤ when System Reboot on next time, etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit scripts reads the file
/etc/sysctl.conf. To enable the IP forwarding on next reboot also you need to set the parameter.
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
Here 0 means disable, 1 means enable.
13.CORRECT TEXT
You Completely Install the Redhat Enterprise Linux 5 on your System. While start the system, it's
giving error to load X window System. How will you fix that problem and make boot successfully
run X Window System.
Answer and Explanation:
Think while Problems occurred on booting System on Runlevel 5 (X Window)./tmp is full ornotQuota is
already reachedVideo card or resolution or monitor is misconfigured.xfs service is running or not.
Do These:
1. df -h /tmp ¨¤ /tmp is full remove the unnecessary filequota username ¨¤ if quota is alread
reached remove unnecessary file from home directory.Boot the System in runlevel 3.¨¤ you can
pass the Kernel Argument from boot loader.Use command: system-config-display ¨¤ It will display a
dialog to configure the monitor, Video card, resolution etc.Set the Default Runlevel 5 in /etc/inittab
id:5:initdefault:
6. Reboot the System you will get the GUI login Screen.
14 CORRECT TEXT
There are two different networks, 192.168.0.0/24 and 192.168.1.0/24. Your System is in
192.168.0.0/24 Network. One RHEL 5 Installed System is going to use as a Router. All required
configuration is already done on Linux Server. Where 192.168.0.254 and 192.168.1.254 IP
Address are assigned on that Server. How will make successfully ping to 192.168.1.0/24
Network's Host?
Answer and Explanation:
1. vi /etc/sysconfig/network
GATEWAY=192.168.0.254
OR
vi /etc/sysconf/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.0.?
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.254
2. service network restart
15 CORRECT TEXT
Make a swap partition having 100MB. Make Automatically Usable at System Boot Time.
Answer and Explanation:
1. Use fdisk /dev/hda ¨¤ To create new partition.
2. Type n ¨¤ For New partition
3. It will ask for Logical or Primary Partitions. Press l for logical.
4. It will ask for the Starting Cylinder: Use the Default by pressing Enter Key.
5. Type the Size: +100M ¨¤ You can Specify either Last cylinder of Size here.
6. Press P to verify the partitions lists and remember the partitions name. Default System ID is 83
that means Linux Native.
7. Type t to change the System ID of partition.
8. Type Partition Number
9. Type 82 that means Linux Swap.
10. Press w to write on partitions table.
11. Either Reboot or use partprobe command.
12. mkswap /dev/hda?¨¤ To create Swap File system on partition.
13. swapon /dev/hda?¨¤ To enable the Swap space from partition.
14. free -m ¨¤ Verify Either Swap is enabled or not.
15. vi /etc/fstab
/dev/hda? swap swap defaults 0 0
16. Reboot the System and verify that swap is automatically enabled or not.
16.CORRECT TEXT
You are a System administrator. Using Log files very easy to monitor the system. Now there are 50
servers running as Mail, Web, Proxy, DNS services etc. You want to centralize the logs from allservers
into on LOG Server. How will you configure the LOG Server to accept logs from remote host ?
Answer and Explanation:
By Default system accept the logs only generated from local host. To accept the Log from otherhost
configure:
1. vi /etc/sysconfig/syslog
SYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-m 0 -r"
Where
-m 0 disables 'MARK' messages.
-r enables logging from remote machines
-x disables DNS lookups on messages recieved with -r
2. service syslog restart
17 CORRECT TEXT
You are giving the debug RHCT exam. The examiner told you that the password of root is redhat.
When you tried to login displays the error message and redisplayed the login screen. You
changed the root password, again unable to login as a root. How will you make Successfully Login as a
root.
Answer and Explanation:
When root unable to login into the system think:
1. Is password correct?
2. Is account expired?
3. Is terminal Blocked?
Do these Steps:Boot the System on Single user mode.Change the passwordCheck the account expire
date by using chage -l root command.
If account is expired, set net expire date: chage -E "NEVER" root
1. Check the file /etc/securetty ¨¤ Which file blocked to root login from certain terminal
2. If terminal is deleted or commented write new or uncomment.
3. Reboot the system and login as a root.

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NO.26 CORRECT TEXT
Change the root Password to redtophat
Answer and Explanation:Boot the system in Single user modeUse the passwd command

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NO.27 Press P to verify the partitions lists and remember the partitions name.

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NO.28 Write:

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NO.29 mke2fs -j /dev/hda? ¨¤ To create ext3 filesystem.

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NO.30 CORRECT TEXT
Set the Hostname station?.example.com where ? is your Host IP Address.
Answer and Explanation:
1. hostname station?.example.com ¨¤ This will set the host name only for current session. To set
hostname permanently.
2. vi /etc/sysconfig/network
HOSTNAME=station?.example.com
3. service network restart

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Code d'Examen: RH202
Nom d'Examen: RedHat (Redhat Certified Technician on Redhat Enterprise Linux 5 (Labs))
Questions et réponses: 171 Q&As

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NO.1 Use mkfs -t ext3 /dev/hda? Where ? is your partition number

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NO.2 CORRECT TEXT
Change the root Password to redtophat
Answer and Explanation:Boot the system in Single user modeUse the passwd command

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.3 Verify by mounting on current Sessions also:

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.4 Press P to verify the partitions lists and remember the partitions name.

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.5 CORRECT TEXT
You are giving RHCT Exam and in your Exam paper there is a question written, make successfully ping to
192.168.0.254.
Answer and Explanation:
In Network problem thinks to check:
1. IP Configuration: use ifconfig command either IP is assigned to interface or not?
2. Default Gateway is set or not?
3. Hostname is set or not?
4. Routing problem is there?
5. Device Driver Module is loaded or not?
6. Device is activated or not?
Check In this way:
1. use ifconfig command and identify which IP is assigned or not.
2. cat /etc/sysconfig/network ¨¤What, What is written here. Actually here are these parameters
NETWORKING=yes or no
GATEWAY=x.x.x.x
HOSTNAME=?
NISDOMAIN=?
-Correct the file
3. Use vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scirpts/ifcfg-eth0 and check the proper options
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=x.x.x.x
NETMAKS=x.x.x.x
GATEWAY=x.x.x.x
4. Use service network restart or start command

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.6 mount /dev/hda? /mnt/neo
4.CORRECT TEXT
Your System is going use as a router for 172.24.0.0/16 and 172.25.0.0/16. Enable the IP
Forwarding.
Answer and Explanation:
1. echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
2. vi /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
/proc is the virtual filesystem, containing the information about the running kernel. To change the
parameter of running kernel you should modify on /proc. From Next reboot the system, kernel will
take the value from /etc/sysctl.conf.
5.CORRECT TEXT
Some users home directory is shared from your system. Using showmount -e localhost command, the
shared directory is not shown. Make access the shared users home directory.
Answer and Explanation:
1. Verify the File whether Shared or not ? : cat /etc/exports
2. Start the nfs service: service nfs start
3. Start the portmap service: service portmap start
4. Make automatically start the nfs service on next reboot: chkconfig nfs on
5. Make automatically start the portmap service on next reboot: chkconfig portmap on
6. Verify either sharing or not: showmount -e localhost
7. Check that default firewall is running on system ? if running flush the iptables using iptables -F and stop
the iptables service.
6.CORRECT TEXT
neo user tried by:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/neo/somefile bs=1024 count=70
files created successfully. Again neo tried to create file having 70K using following command:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/neo/somefile bs=1024 count=70
But he is unable to create the file. Make the user can create the file less then 70K.
Answer and Explanation:
Very Tricky question from redhat. Actually question is giving scenario to you to implement quota to neo
user. You should apply the quota to neo user on /home that neo user shouldn't occupied space more than
70K.
1. vi /etc/fstab
LABEL=/home /home ext3 defaults,usrquota 0 0 ¨¤ To enale the quota on filesystem you should mount
the filesystem with usrquota for user quota and grpquota for group quota.
2. touch /home/aquota.user ¨¤Creating blank quota database file.
3. mount -o remount /home ¨¤ Remounting the /home with update
mount options. You can verify that
/home is mounted with usrquota options or not using mount command.
4. quotacheck -u /home ¨¤ Initialization the quota on /home
5. edquota -u neo /home ¨¤ Quota Policy editor
See the snapshot
1 Disk quotas for user neo (uid 500):
2.Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard
4 /dev/mapper/vo-myvol 2 30 70 1 0 0
Can you set the hard limit 70 and soft limit as you think like 30.
Verify using the repquota /home command.
7.CORRECT TEXT
One Logical Volume is created named as myvol under vo volume group and is mounted. The Initial Size
of that Logical Volume is 124MB. Make successfully that the size of Logical Volume 245MB without losing
any data. The size of logical volume 240MB to 255MB will be acceptable.
Answer and Explanation:
1. First check the size of Logical Volume: lvdisplay /dev/vo/myvol
2. Increase the Size of Logical Volume: lvextend -L+121M /dev/vo/myvol
3. Make Available the size on online: resize2fs /dev/vo/myvol
4. Verify the Size of Logical Volume: lvdisplay /dev/vo/myvol
5. Verify that the size comes in online or not: df -h
We can extend the size of logical Volume using the lvextend command. As well as to decrease the
size of Logical Volume, use the lvresize command. In LVM v2 we can extend the size of Logical
Volume without unmount as well as we can bring the actual size of Logical Volume on online using
ext2online command.
8.CORRECT TEXT
Quota is implemented on /data but not working properly. Find out the
Problem and implement the quota to user1 to have a soft limit 60 inodes
(files) and hard limit of 70 inodes (files).
Answer and Explanation:
Quotas are used to limit a user's or a group of users' ability to consume disk space. This prevents a small
group of users from monopolizing disk capacity and potentially interfering with other users or the entire
system. Disk quotas are commonly used by ISPs, by Web hosting companies, on FTP sites, and on
corporate file servers to ensure continued availability of their systems. Without quotas, one or more users
can upload files on an FTP server to the point of filling a filesystem. Once the affected partition is full,
other users are effectively denied upload access to
the disk. This is also a reason to mount different filesystem directories on different partitions. For example,
if you only had partitions for your root (/) directory and swap space, someone uploading to your computer
could fill up all of the space in your root directory (/). Without at least a little free space in the root directory
(/), your system could become unstable or even crash.
You have two ways to set quotas for users. You can limit users by inodes or by kilobyte-sized disk blocks.
Every Linux file requires an inode. Therefore, you can limit users by the number of files or by absolute
space. You can set up different quotas for different filesystems. For example, you can set different quotas
for users on the /home and /tmp directories if they are mounted on their own partitions.
Limits on disk blocks restrict the amount of disk space available to a user on your system. Older versions
of Red Hat Linux included LinuxConf, which included a graphical tool to configure quotas.
As of this writing, Red Hat no longer has a graphical quota configuration tool. Today, you can configure
quotas on RHEL only through the command line interface.
1. vi /etc/fstab
/dev/hda11 /data ext3 defaults,usrquota 1 2
2. Either Reboot the System or remount the partition.
Mount -o remount /dev/hda11 /data
3. touch /data/aquota.user
4. quotacheck -ufm /data
5. quotaon -u /data
6. edquota -u user1 /data
and Specified the Soft limit and hard limit on opened file.
To verify either quota is working or not:
Soft limit specify the limit to generate warnings to users and hard limit can't cross by the user. Use the
quota command or repquota command to monitor the quota information.
9 CORRECT TEXT
One Logical Volume named lv1 is created under vg0. The Initial Size of that Logical Volume is 100MB.
Now you required the size 500MB. Make successfully the size of that Logical Volume
500M without losing any data. As well as size should be increased online.
Answer and Explanation:
The LVM system organizes hard disks into Logical Volume (LV) groups. Essentially, physical hard disk
partitions (or possibly RAID arrays) are set up in a bunch of equal-sized chunks known as
Physical Extents (PE). As there are several other concepts associated with the LVM system, let's start
with some basic definitions:
* Physical Volume (PV) is the standard partition that you add to the LVM mix. Normally, a physical volume
is a standard primary or logical partition. It can also be a RAID array.
* Physical Extent (PE) is a chunk of disk space. Every PV is divided into a number of equal sized
PEs. Every PE in a LV group is the same size. Different LV groups can have different sized PEs.
* Logical Extent (LE) is also a chunk of disk space. Every LE is mapped to a specific PE.
* Logical Volume (LV) is composed of a group of LEs. You can mount a filesystem such as /home
and /var on an LV.
* Volume Group (VG) is composed of a group of LVs. It is the organizational group for LVM. Most of the
commands that you'll use apply to a specific VG.
1. Verify the size of Logical Volume: lvdisplay /dev/vg0/lv1
2. Verify the Size on mounted directory: df -h or df -h mounted directory name
3. Use : lvextend -L+400M /dev/vg0/lv1
4. resize2fs /dev/vg0/lv1 ¨¤ to bring extended size online.
5. Again Verify using lvdisplay and df -h command.
10 CORRECT TEXT
Create one partitions having size 100MB and mount it on /data.
Answer and Explanation:
1. Use fdisk /dev/hda ¨¤To create new partition.
2. Type n ¨¤For New partitions
3. It will ask for Logical or Primary Partitions. Press l for logical.
4. It will ask for the Starting Cylinder: Use the Default by pressing Enter Key.
5. Type the Size: +100M ¨¤You can Specify either Last cylinder of Size here.
6. Press P to verify the partitions lists and remember the partitions name.
7. Press w to write on partitions table.
8. Either Reboot or use partprobe command.
9. Use mkfs -t ext3 /dev/hda?
Ormke2fs -j /dev/hda? ¨¤ To create ext3 filesystem
10. vi /etc/fstab
Write:
/dev/hda? /data ext3 defaults 1 2
11. Verify by mounting on current Sessions also:
mount /dev/hda? /data
11.CORRECT TEXT
You are new System Administrator and from now you are going to handle the system and yourmain task is
Network monitoring, Backup and Restore. But you don't know the root password.
Change the root password to redhat and login in default Runlevel.
Answer and Explanation:
When you Boot the System, it starts on default Runlevel specified in /etc/inittab:
Id:?:initdefault:
When System Successfully boot, it will ask for username and password. But you don't know the root's
password. To change the root password you need to boot the system into single user mode.
You can pass the kernel arguments from the boot loader.
1. Restart the System.
2. You will get the boot loader GRUB screen.
3. Press a and type 1 or s for single mode
ro root=LABEL=/ rhgb queit s
4. System will boot on Single User mode.
5. Use passwd command to change.
6. Press ctrl+d
12.CORRECT TEXT
There are more then 400 Computers in your Office. You are appointed as a System Administrator.
But you don't have Router. So, you are going to use your One Linux Server as a Router. How will you
enable IP packets forward?
Answer and Explanation:
1. /proc is the virtual filesystem, we use /proc to modify the kernel parameters at running time.
# echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
2. /etc/sysctl.conf ¨¤when System Reboot on next tme, /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit scripts reads the file
/etc/sysctl.conf. To enable the IP forwarding on next reboot also you need to set the parameter.
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
Here 0 means disable, 1 means enable.
13.CORRECT TEXT
You Completely Install the Redhat Enterprise Linux 5 on your System. While start the system, it's giving
error to load X window System. How will you fix that problem and make boot successfully run X Window
System.
Answer and Explanation:
Think while Problems occurred on booting System on Runlevel 5 (X Window).
1. /tmp is full or not
2. Quota is already reached
3. Video card or resolution or monitor is misconfigured.
4. xfs service is running or not.
Do These:
1. df -h /tmp ¨¤ /tmp is full remove the unnecessary file
2. quota username ¨¤if quota is already reached remove unnecessary file from home directory.
3. Boot the System in runlevel 3.¨¤you can pass the Kernel Argument from boot loader.
4. Use command: system-config-display ¨¤ It will display a dialog o configure the monitor, Video card,
resolution etc.
5. Set the Default Runlevel 5 in /etc/inittab
id:5:initdefault:
6. Reboot the System you will get the GUI login Screen.
14.CORRECT TEXT
There are two different networks, 192.168.0.0/24 and 192.168.1.0/24. Your System is in
192.168.0.0/24 Network. One RHEL 5 Installed System is going to use as a Router. All required
configuration is already done on Linux Server. Where 192.168.0.254 and 192.168.1.254 IP
Address are assigned on that Server. How will make successfully ping to 192.168.1.0/24
Network's Host?
Answer and Explanation:
1. vi /etc/sysconfig/network
GATEWAY=192.168.0.254
OR vi /etc/sysconf/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.0.?
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.254
2. service network restart
15.CORRECT TEXT
Make a swap partition having 100MB. Make Automatically Usable at System Boot Time.
Answer and Explanation:
1. Use fdisk /dev/hda ¨¤To create new partition.Type n ¨¤ For New partitionIt will ask foLogical or
Primary Partitions. Press l for logical.It will ask for the Starting Cylinder: Use the Default by
pressing Enter Key.Type the Size: +100M ¨¤ You can Speciy either Last cylinder of Size
here.Press P to verify the partitions lists and remember the partitions name. Default System ID is 83 that
means Linux Native.Type t to change the System ID of partition.Type Partition
NumberType 82 that means Linux Swap.Press w to write on partitions table.Either Reboot or use
partprobe command.mkswap /dev/hda?¨¤ To create Swap File system on partition.swapon
/dev/hda?¨¤ To enable the Swap space from partition.free-m ¨¤ Verify Either Swap is enabled or
not.vi /etc/fstab
/dev/hda? swap swap defaults 0 0Reboot the System and verify that swap is automatically
enabled or not.
16.CORRECT TEXT
You are a System administrator. Using Log files very easy to monitor the system. Now there are 50
servers running as Mail, Web, Proxy, DNS services etc. You want to centralize the logs from all servers
into on LOG Server. How will you configure the LOG Server to accept logs from remote host ?
Answer and Explanation:
By Default system accept the logs only generated from local host. To accept the Log from other host
configure:vi /etc/sysconfig/syslog
SYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-m 0 -r"
Where
-m 0 disables 'MARK' messages.
-r enables logging from remote machines
-x disables DNS lookups on messages recieved with -r
service syslog restart
17.CORRECT TEXT
You are giving the debug RHCT exam. The examiner told you that the password of root is redhat.
When you tried to login displays the error message and redisplayed the login screen. You
changed the root password, again unable to login as a root. How will you make Successfully Login as a
root.
Answer and Explanation:
When root unable to login into the system think:
1. Is password correct?
2. Is account expired?
3. Is terminal Blocked?
Do these Steps:
3. Boot the System on Single user mode.
4. Change the password
5. Check the account expire date by using chage -l root command.
If account is expired, set net expire date: chage -E "NEVER" root
4. Check the file /etc/securetty ¨¤ Which file blocked to root login from certain terminal.
5. If terminal is deleted or commented write new or uncomment.
6. Reboot the system and login as a root.

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.7 /dev/hda? /mnt/neo ext3 defaults 1 2

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.8 Type the Size: +100M ¨¤ You can Specify either Last cylinder of Size her.

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.9 CORRECT TEXT
Dig Server1.example.com, Resolve to successfully through DNS Where DNS server is
172.24.254.254
Answer and Explanation:
#vi /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 172.24.254.254
# dig server1.example.com
#host server1.example.com
DNS is the Domain Name System, which maintains a database that can help your computer
translate domain names such as www.redhat.com to IP addresses such as 216.148.218.197. As
no individual DNS server is large enough to keep a database for the entire Internet, they can refer
requests to other DNS servers.
DNS is based on the named daemon, which is built on the BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain)
package developed through the Internet Software Consortium
Users wants to access by name so DNS will interpret the name into ip address. You need to
specify the Address if DNS server in each and every client machine. In Redhat Enterprise Linux,
you need to specify the DNS server into /etc/resolv.conf file.
After Specifying the DNS server address, you can verify using host, dig and nslookup commands.

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.10 CORRECT TEXT
Set the Hostname station?.example.com where ? is your Host IP Address.
Answer and Explanation:
1. hostname station?.example.com ¨¤ This will set the host name oly for current session. To set
hostname permanently.
2. vi /etc/sysconfig/network
HOSTNAME=station?.example.com
3. service network restart

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.11 mkdir /mnt/neo

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.12 CORRECT TEXT
The System you are using is for NFS (Network File Services). Some important data are shared from your
system. Make automatically start the nfs and portmap services at boot time.
Answer and Explanation:
We can control the services for current session and for next boot time also. For current Session,we use
service servicename start or restart or stop or status. For automatically on next reboot time:
1. chkconfig servicename on or off
eg: chkconfig nfs on
chkconfig portmap on
or ntsysv
Select the nfs and portmap services.
2. Reboot the system and identify whether services are running or not.

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.13 Or

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.14 It will ask for the Starting Cylinder: Use the Default by pressing Enter Key.

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.15 mke2fs -j /dev/hda? ¨¤ To create ext3 filesystem.

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.16 vi /etc/fstab

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.17 CORRECT TEXT
Create the partition having 100MB size and mount it on /mnt/neo
Answer and Explanation:
1. Use fdisk /dev/hda ¨¤ To create new partition.
2. Type n ¨¤ For New partitions
3. It will ask for Logical or Primary Partitions. Press l for logical.

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.18 Write:

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.19 Press w to write on partitions table.

RedHat examen   RH202   certification RH202   RH202   certification RH202

NO.20 Either Reboot or use partprobe command.

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Code d'Examen: EX200
Nom d'Examen: RedHat (Red Hat Certified System Administrator - RHCSA)
Questions et réponses: 24 Q&As

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NO.1 Configure your Host Name, IP Address, Gateway and DNS.
Host name: station.domain40.example.com
/etc/sysconfig/network
hostname=abc.com
hostname abc.com
IP Address:172.24.40.40/24
Gateway172.24.40.1
DNS:172.24.40.1
Answer:
# cd /etc/syscofig/network-scripts/
# ls
# vim ifcfg-eth0 (Configure IP Address, Gateway and DNS) IPADDR=172.24.40.40
GATEWAY=172.24.40.1
DNS1=172.24.40.1
# vim /etc/sysconfig/network
(Configure Host Name)
HOSTNAME= station.domain40.example.com
OR
Graphical Interfaces:
System->Preference->Network Connections (Configure IP Address, Gateway and DNS) Vim
/etc/sysconfig/network
(Configure Host Name)

RedHat   EX200 examen   EX200   EX200 examen

NO.2 Add 3 users: harry, natasha, tom.
The requirements: The Additional group of the two users: harry, Natasha is the admin group. The user:
tom's login shell should be non-interactive.
Answer:
# useradd -G admin harry
# useradd -G admin natasha
# useradd -s /sbin/nologin tom
# id harry;id Natasha (Show additional group)
# cat /etc/passwd
(Show the login shell)
OR
# system-config-users

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